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Solar System Astrophysics - Background Science and the Inner Solar System
Eugene F. Milone, William J.F. Wilson
Verlag Springer-Verlag, 2008
ISBN 9780387731551 , 258 Seiten
Format PDF, OL
Kopierschutz Wasserzeichen
Geräte
Preface
5
Acknowledgments
7
Contents
9
1. Perceptions of the Solar System in History
15
References
21
Challenges
22
2. Basic Tools and Concepts
23
2.1 Circular Arcs and Spherical Astronomy
23
2.2 Properties of Ellipses
37
References
42
Challenges
42
3. Celestial Mechanics
44
3.1 The Two-Body Problem
44
3.2 Orbital Elements
48
3.3 The Restricted Three-Body System
50
3.4 Computation of Ephemerides
51
3.5 Kepler’s Equation
54
3.6 Uses and Limitations of Two and Three-Body Solutions
58
3.7 Spin–Orbit Coupling
60
3.8 Perturbations
65
References
71
Challenges
72
4. The Core of the Solar System: The Sun
73
4.1 The Solar Context
73
4.2 The Sun as a Star in the Milky Way Galaxy
74
4.3 Observable Properties of the Quiet Sun
77
4.4 The Sun’s Radiation
78
4.5 The Photosphere
86
4.6 The Chromosphere
93
4.7 The Corona
96
4.8 Line Absorption and Emission
97
4.9 Helioseismology
99
References
104
Challenges
105
5. General Properties of the Terrestrial Planets
107
5.1 Overview of Terrestrial Planets
107
5.2 Bulk Properties
108
5.3 Gravitational Potential Fields
110
5.4 Structure of the Earth
113
5.5 Planetary Surfaces
134
5.6 Addendum: Properties of Legendre Polynomials and Associated Legendre Functions
138
References
139
Challenges
140
6. Planetary Heat Flow and Temperatures
141
6.1 Heat Flow
141
6.2 Geotherms
153
6.3 Solar Heating
154
References
160
Challenges
160
7. Rocks and Minerals
161
7.1 Rocks
161
7.2 Minerals
163
7.3 Mineral Content of Igneous Rocks
174
7.4 Phase Transitions
177
7.5 Densities of Minerals
182
7.6 Seismic Discontinuities in the Earth’s Mantle
182
7.7 Relationship of Phase Diagrams to Seismic Discontinuities
183
7.8 The Core–Mantle Boundary and the D'' Layer
184
References
185
8. The Moon’s Surface, Structure, and Evolution
186
8.1 Surface Composition
186
8.2 Lunar Surface Characteristics
188
8.3 Seismic Results
195
8.4 Geochemical Evolution
199
8.5 Dynamical History of the Moon
203
References
205
Challenges
206
9. Surface Science of the Terrestrial Planets
207
9.1 Mercury
207
9.2 Venus
217
9.3 Mars
238
References
255
Challenges
256
Index
258
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