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Preface
7
Contents
9
Introduction
13
1.1 The Purpose of this Book
13
1.2 Theory and Practice
14
1.3 Conceptual Approach
17
1.4 The Structure of this Book
19
References
20
Systems Concepts
21
2.1 System
21
2.2 Subsystems and Aspectsystems
25
2.3 State, Process and Behaviour
29
2.4 Goal, Function and Task
33
2.5 System and Environment
37
2.6 Some Other Definitions
39
References
40
Case: The Flight Department
41
3.1 Case History
41
3.2 Problem Description
42
3.3 Problem Analysis
43
3.4 Complications Due to Bad Weather
50
3.5 Radar Complications
56
3.6 Dispersion of Variables and the Required Number of Radar Test Cars
60
3.7 Results in Practice
67
References
69
Models for the Structuring of Processes
71
4.1 Process Types
71
4.2 Determination of Subsystems
72
4.3 System Control
74
4.4 Supporting Processes
87
4.5 The Steady-state Model: Combining the Models into One Model
89
4.6 Testing a Works Process Planning Department Against Reality
93
4.7 Nurses Effect
94
4.8 Case: The Health Insurance Company
98
4.9 Some Applications in Practice
102
References
104
Conceptual Model for the Analysis of Industrial Systems
107
5.1 Introduction
107
5.2 Other Conceptual Models
108
5.3 Common Characteristics of the Conceptual Models
110
5.4 The “PROPER” Model of Industrial Systems
113
5.5 The “PROPER” Model and Logistic Practice
115
References
118
Behaviour of a Function: The Process
119
6.1 Introduction
119
6.2 Behaviour
120
6.3 The State and Input of an Industrial Function
121
6.4 The Behaviour of an Industrial System
123
6.5 Basic Concepts of Process Descriptions
131
6.6 Case: Simulation of the Flight Department
143
6.7 Conclusions
145
References
146
The Case of the Ship Engine Factory
147
7.1 The Models as a Diagnostic Aid
147
7.2 Description of the Existing Situation
148
7.3 Solution: Analysis Based Upon the PROPER Model
151
7.4 Solution: Analysis Based Upon the Steady-state Model
153
Policy and Performance
159
8.1 What is Policy?
159
8.2 Does an Industrial System Need Policy?
163
8.3 Considerations When Choosing the Ways and Means
165
8.4 The Concepts of Productivity, Efficiency and Performance
169
8.5 Application of the Concepts
175
References
180
Model for the Innovation Process
181
9.1 Setting Up the Model for the Innovation Process
181
9.2 The Nature of the Model for Innovation Processes
188
9.3 Policy Evaluation
189
References
191
The Design Process with the Conceptual Models
193
10.1 Introduction
193
10.2 The Design Process
194
10.3 Function Design
197
10.4 Process Design
201
10.5 Simulation as a Supporting Tool for the Design of Industrial Systems
207
References
207
Case: The Automated Container Terminal
209
11.1 Introduction
209
11.2 The Project Program
210
11.3 Functional Requirements
213
11.4 Application of the PROPER Model
215
11.5 Behaviour Descriptions for Productivity Definitions
223
11.6 Conclusions
231
References
232
Index
233
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