Mobilizing the Faithful - Militant Islamist Groups and their Constituencies

Contents

Acknowledgements

1. Introduction

1.1 Militant Islamist groups and their constituencies in social science research

1.2 Research question and design of this study

1.3 The case studies and criteria for comparison

1.4 Central concepts

1.5 Research strategies, methods, and sources

1.6 The structure of this book

2. Violent insurgencies and relationships of support: Outlines of an analytical framework

2.1 Engaging in relationships: Forms of orientation and reference groups

2.2 Support relationships: Setting and basic forms

2.3 Forms of influence in relationships of support

2.4 Summary

3. Between Islamic revolution and resistance: The militant groups’ aims and perspectives

3.1 Killing the Pharaoh, creating an Islamic society: Al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya and al-Jihad in Egypt

3.2 Resistance against occupation and the Islamic revolution in Lebanon: Hizbullah

3.3 Summary: Aims and patterns of orientation

4. The setting: Militant Islamist groups and their social environment

4.1 Al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya: Rebellion in the Sa’id and Cairo’s shantytowns

4.2 Hizbullah: Insurgency in South Lebanon, ruling the suburbs

4.3 Summary

5. Support relationships I: Al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya – Spreading the Call and ruling the neighborhood

5.1 “They were just good Muslims”: Support for the Islamist movement and al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya in Ayn Shams

5.2 Al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya in Imbaba: “Ruling” the neighborhood

5.3 Establishing a following at the university and beyond: Al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya in Assiut

5.4 Breaking with the past: Family relationships and al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya

5.5 Al-Jihad: Preparing clandestinely for a coup d’état

5.6 Summary: Relationships of support between al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya and its constituency

6. Development patterns I: Al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya – Escalation, estrangement, and radicalization

6.1 Fragmentation under pressure: The development of support relationships in Ayn Shams and Imbaba

6.2 Losing ground: Al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya’s insurgency in Assiut

6.3 The war against collaborators: Al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya in al-Minya

6.4 From ambushes to massacres: Decline of the insurgency and loss of constraints on violent practices

6.5 From ambivalence to condemnation: Al-Jamaa al-Islamiyya and their audiences in public discourse

6.6 The development of al-Jihad

6.7 Summary: Dynamics of estrangement and fragmentation

7. Support Relationships II: Outcast, defender, provider – Hizbullah and the Shiite community in Lebanon

7.1 Building a movement and providing for the neighborhood: Hizbullah in the southern suburbs of Beirut

7.2 Reigning in the clans: Hizbullah in the Beqaa

7.3 Becoming part of the community: The Islamic Resistance in South Lebanon

7.4 Joining a subculture and an army: Becoming a member of Hizbullah

7.5 Summary: Relationships of support between Hizbullah and the Shiite community in Lebanon

8. Development Patterns II: Hizbullah – Resilience, adaptation, and consolidation of support

8.1 Support for the “resistance” and its resilience under pressure

8.2 Bringing Iran to Lebanon and “wasting” the community’s sons: Elements of controversy and friction

8.3 Adaptation and strategic re-orientation: Hizbullah’s response to opposition and weakening support

8.4 Consolidation of support and control

8.5 Summary: Dynamics of support, adaptation, and control

9. Conclusion: Militant Islamist groups and their constituencies – Relationships of support and control

9.1 Relationship structures: Forms of reference, ties of support, and forms of influence

9.2 Development Patterns

9.3 Militant groups and their constituencies: The logic of relational analysis

10. List of maps and tables

11. References