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The Economics of Public Health - Evaluating Public Health Interventions
Heather Brown
Verlag Palgrave Pivot, 2018
ISBN 9783319748269 , 112 Seiten
Format PDF, OL
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Preface
5
Contents
7
List of Figures
9
List of Tables
11
Part I: Introduction
12
1: Introduction to Public Health Economics
13
Why Do We Need Economics in Public Health?
13
What Makes Public Health Different from the Production of Televisions?
16
What is Public Health Economics?
19
The Real World
21
References
22
Additional Reading
22
Part II: Data
23
2: Observational Data
24
The Rise of Big Data
24
Cons of Panel Data
31
Data Linkage
31
References and Further Reading
33
3: Missing Data and Sample Attrition
34
Missing at Random or Missing at Non-Random
34
Sample Attrition
35
Our Example
35
Sample Attrition
38
Multiple Imputation
39
Pros and Cons of MI vs IPW for Public Health Research
44
References and Further Reading
46
Part III: Policy Evaluation
47
4: Correlations versus Causation
48
Correlations
48
Understanding Correlation Coefficients
49
Strength of the Correlation
49
Example
49
Estimating Correlation Coefficients
51
Correlation Analysis in Economic Evaluation of Public Health Policy
53
Weaknesses of Correlation Analysis
53
Causal Relationships
54
How to Estimate a Causal Relationship
54
Basic Econometric Tools for Estimating a Causal Relationship
55
How Do You Know If You Have Found a Good Instrument?
59
Interpreting IV Estimates
60
References and Further Reading
62
5: Before and After Study Designs
63
Interrupted Time Series
64
When to Use ITS
64
Data Required to Estimate an ITS
65
Estimating ITS
66
Interpreting Results from ITS
67
Regression Discontinuity Approach
67
When to Use RD
68
How to Use RD
69
Implementation in Practice
73
Generalisability of the Results
74
Fuzzy RD Approach
74
Steps to Estimation
76
Difference in Difference Approach (DiD)
78
Some Things to Keep in Mind
81
Empirical Papers Using These Estimation Techniques
84
References and Further Reading
85
Interrupted Time Series
85
Regression Discontinuity
85
Difference in Difference
86
6: Cross-Country Comparisons
87
How to Conduct Cross-Country Analysis
89
Identifying Data Sources
89
Analysis Method
90
The Example
91
Propensity Score Matching in Cross-Country Analysis
91
When to Use PSM
92
Matching
92
How to Implement in Practice
95
Some Extensions
96
Interpretation of Coefficients
97
A Further Example
98
Data
99
Constructing Treated and Non-Treated Groups
99
Other Methods for Estimating Cross-Country Differences
103
References and Further Reading
104
7: A Practitioner’s Guide
106
Define Your Research Question
106
Identify an Appropriate Dataset
107
Estimate a Simple Regression Model
108
Identify the Most Important Type of Bias that may be Impacting on your Simple Coefficient Estimates and Choose an Appropriate Model
108
Compare Coefficients Between Chosen Model and Base Model
109
References and Further Reading
109
Index
110
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