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Simulation of Power System with Renewables
Linash Kunjumuhammed, Stefanie Kuenzel, Bikash Pal
Verlag Elsevier Reference Monographs, 2019
ISBN 9780128112540 , 268 Seiten
Format PDF, ePUB, OL
Kopierschutz DRM
SIMULATION OF POWER SYSTEM WITH RENEWABLES
2
SIMULATION OF POWER SYSTEM WITH RENEWABLES
4
Copyright
5
Dedication
6
Contents
8
About the authors
12
Preface
14
One - Introduction
18
1.1 Power system – history of development (Kundur)
18
1.2 Power system frequency
22
1.3 Phasors in AC systems
23
1.4 Per unit systems
24
1.5 Steady state in power system
25
1.6 Stability issues in power system
26
1.7 Mathematical representation of power system
29
1.8 Simulation in Matlab
30
1.9 Assumptions
31
1.10 Summary
32
Further reading
32
Two - Transmission network modelling
34
2.1 Admittance matrix
34
2.2 Example
37
2.3 Power flow computation
37
2.4 Formulation of jacobian
40
2.5 Example of three-bus system
41
2.6 Power flow implementation
44
2.7 Study case: four-machine system
45
2.8 Exercise
46
2.9 Exercise
50
2.10 Including the network in the Simulink time domain simulation
50
2.11 Conclusions
54
References
55
Three - Synchronous machine modelling
56
3.1 Synchronous machine introduction
56
3.2 Synchronous machine operation
57
3.3 Reference frame
59
3.4 Dynamic equations of a synchronous machine in d-q reference frame
67
List of variables:
70
3.5 Initialization of the dynamic model
70
3.6 Simulink modelling
77
3.7 Study case: single machine infinite bus test system time domain results
85
3.8 Dynamic models of synchronous machines
87
3.9 Simulation model of the two-area test system
91
3.9.1 Simulink block representing multiple synchronous machines
92
References
97
Four - Analysis and controller design ideas
98
4.1 System representations and dynamic response
98
4.1.1 Stability of the linear system
100
4.1.1.1 Exercise 4.1
100
4.2 Power system model for analysis
106
4.3 Linearization and state space representation
106
4.4 Eigenvalues, eigenvectors and participation factor
109
4.4.1 Exercise 4.2
110
4.5 Transfer function and ZPK representation
112
4.6 Root locus, Bode plot, Nichols plot and Nyquist plot
112
4.7 Analysis of stable system
116
4.7.1 Root locus plots
116
4.7.2 Bode, Nichols and Nyquist plots
117
4.8 Analysis of unstable system
117
4.8.1 Linear system analyzer
119
4.9 System response
119
4.10 Controller design
120
4.10.1 PI controller
120
4.10.2 Control System Designer
122
4.10.3 Pole placement
125
4.10.4 Linear Quadratic Regulator controller
128
4.11 Conclusions
129
Five - Load modelling
130
5.1 Types of loads
130
5.2 Descriptions, key equations and integration of ZIP model
131
5.3 Study case: four-machine system using different load models
135
5.4 Initial condition block implementation
137
5.5 Comparison of results
141
5.6 Conclusion of ZIP load modelling
149
Acknowledgement
149
References
149
Six - Wind turbine generator modelling
150
6.1 Introduction
150
6.2 Building blocks of DFIG-SMIB simulation model
151
6.2.1 Network
153
6.2.2 Wind turbine model
154
6.2.2.1 Wind turbine aerodynamic modelling
154
6.2.2.1.1 Simulink representation of turbine model
157
6.2.2.2 Turbine generator mechanical drive train model
159
6.1.3 Doubly fed induction generator
161
6.1.4 LCL filter
166
6.1.5 Back-to-back capacitor
168
6.1.6 Machine-side converter controller
169
6.1.7 Grid-side converter controller
172
6.3 Single machine infinite bus model integration and testing
174
6.3.1 Dynamic simulation
174
6.4 Initialization of SMIB-DFIG system
177
6.5 Further modifications in DFIG-WTG model
183
6.6 Permanent magnet synchronous generator modelling
184
6.6.1 Turbine model
185
6.6.2 Permanent magnet synchronous generator model
185
6.6.3 Machine-side converter controller
186
6.6.4 Back-to-back capacitor, GSC controller, LCL filter and network
187
6.7 Initialization of PMSG-SMIB system
187
6.8 Modal analysis and dynamic simulation results
189
6.9 Simulation of wind farm having DFIG- and PMSG-type WTGs
189
6.9.1 Network representation
194
6.9.2 Wind farm simulink model
194
References
196
Seven - Modelling of solar generation
198
7.1 Description of solar generation
198
7.2 Modelling solar power generators
199
7.3 Western Electricity Coordinating Council generic model
201
7.4 Case study: photovoltaic system model
201
References
219
Eight - Modelling of flexible AC transmission system devices
222
8.1 Introduction
222
8.2 Flexible AC transmission system devices
223
8.2.1 Applications
226
8.2.1.1 Example system using SVC and TCSC
226
8.3 Static VAR Compensator
227
8.3.1 Modelling of static VAR compensator
230
8.4 Thyristor controlled series compensation
230
8.4.1 Modelling of thyristor controlled series compensator
231
8.5 Implementation of SVC and TCSC models
232
8.5.1 Power flow solution considering SVC and TCSC
232
8.5.1.1 Representation of static VAR compensator
234
8.5.1.2 Representation of thyristor controlled series compensator
238
References
241
Nine - Case study of interarea oscillations in power system
242
9.1 Introduction
242
9.2 Analysis of two-area system
242
9.2.1 Participation factor analysis
244
9.3 Two-area system with a thyristor controlled series compensator
245
9.3.1 Simulink model
245
9.3.1.1 Feedback signal selection for power oscillation damping
247
9.3.1.2 Linearization and calculation of residue
247
9.3.1.3 Implementation of power oscillation damping
247
9.3.1.4 Controller performance
251
9.4 Two-area system with a static VAR compensator
253
9.5 Two-area system with wind turbines
253
9.5.1 Building Simulink model
255
9.5.2 Initialization program
259
9.5.3 Simulation results
261
9.6 Conclusions
262
References
262
Index
264
A
264
B
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C
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D
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E
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F
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G
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H
264
I
264
J
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L
264
M
264
N
265
P
265
R
265
S
265
T
266
U
266
V
266
W
266
Z
267