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Evaluating New Technologies - Methodological Problems for the Ethical Assessment of Technology Developments.
Paul Sollie, Marcus Düwell
Verlag Springer-Verlag, 2009
ISBN 9789048122295 , 205 Seiten
Format PDF, OL
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Contents
6
Contributors
8
Chapter 1 Evaluating New Technologies: An Introduction
10
1.1 Introduction
10
1.2 Project ‘Towards Ultrafast Communication’ (TUC)1
13
1.3 Thematic Structure
15
References
16
Part I A Case Study: Ultrafast Communication
18
Chapter 2 Ethical Aspects of Research in Ultrafast Communication
19
2.1 Introduction
19
2.2 Technical Aspects of Ultrafast Communication
21
2.3 Measures to Be Taken
24
2.4 Conclusions
26
Chapter 3 Whose Responsibility Is It Anyway? Dealing with the Consequences of New Technologies
28
3.1 Introduction
28
3.2 Ultrafast Communication
29
3.3 Consequences
31
3.4 Responsibilities Involved
37
3.5 Conclusion
39
References
40
Chapter 4 Ethics in and During Technological Research; An Addition to IT Ethics and Science Ethics
42
4.1 Introduction
42
4.2 IT Ethics and Technological Research
43
4.3 Technological Researchers and the Ethical Issues They Should Address
46
4.4 Information About the Questions of the Checklist
51
4.5 Examples
53
4.6 Further Thoughts
55
References
55
Chapter 5 The Need for a Value-Sensitive Design of Communication Infrastructures
57
5.1 Developments in Information Technology: “The Value Turn”
58
5.2 Development in Ethics: “The Design Turn”
59
5.3 Value-Sensitive Design
60
5.4 Towards Ultrafast Communication
63
5.5 Conclusion
65
References
66
Part II Evaluating New Technologies: Methodological Issues
67
Chapter 6 The Moral Relevance of Technological Artifacts
68
6.1 Introduction
68
6.2 Capturing the Moral Dimension of Technology
71
6.3 Responsibility of Humans and Nonhumans
73
6.4 Designing Mediations
76
6.5 Conclusion
80
References
81
Chapter 7 Interdisciplinarity, Applied Ethics and Social Science
83
7.1 Fact-Value; Descriptive-Prescriptive
84
7.2 ‘Discipline’ and ‘Interdisciplinarity’
85
7.3 The Nature of Ethics
87
7.4 The Type of Empirical Data
89
7.5 The Embeddedness of the Researcher
91
7.6 What’s Next?
93
References
94
Chapter 8 Facts or Fiction? A Critique on Vision Assessment as a Tool for Technology Assessment
97
8.1 Methodological Inquiry on Vision Assessment
97
8.2 The Pasts and Futures of the Future: Utopy and Vision
102
8.3 Example: The Social Boundaries of Techno-Doping
106
8.4 The Genre of Pop Science and the Genesis of “Public” Visions
109
8.5 Example: Social Neurosciences and “the Future” of Society
111
8.6 Outlook: The Future of Vision Assessment
116
References
118
Chapter 9 Exploring Techno-Moral Change: The Case of the ObesityPill
122
9.1 Exploring Techno-Ethical Controversies
125
9.2 The Obesitypill, Part I: Ethical Controversy
129
9.3 The Closure of Techno-Ethical Controversies
134
9.4 The Obesity Pill, Part II: The Liberation of Fun
136
9.5 How Techno-Moral Scenarios Can Enhance Our Moral Judgement
138
References
140
Part III Evaluating New Technologies: Uncertainty and Precaution
142
Chapter 10 On Uncertainty in Ethics and Technology
143
10.1 Introduction
143
10.2 The Aims and Adequacy of Ethics
145
10.3 Complex Technology Development
147
10.4 A Typology of Uncertainty
150
10.5 The Uncertainty of Ethics
154
10.6 The Ethics of Uncertainty – An Outline for Any Future Ethics of Technology
156
References
159
Chapter 11 New Technologies, Common Sense and the Paradoxical Precautionary Principle
161
11.1 Introduction
161
11.2 The PP Paradox
165
11.3 Common Sense and Precaution
167
11.4 Weckert and Moor
168
11.5 Gardiner and the Rawlsian Core Precautionary Principle
171
11.6 Conclusion
173
References
174
Chapter 12 Complex Technology, Complex Calculations: Uses and Abuses of Precautionary Reasoning in Law
176
12.1 Introduction
176
12.2 The Precautionary Principle and the Standard Critique
179
12.3 Pascal’s Wager: A Model for Precautionary Reasoning?
182
12.4 Innocent Until Proven Guilty and Precaution
184
12.5 The Precautionary Model and Slippery Slopes
186
12.6 Precaution and Trade
188
12.7 Conclusion
191
Chapter 13 Ethics of Technology at the Frontier of Uncertainty: A Gewirthian Perspective
192
13.1 Introduction
192
13.2 Requirements for an Ethics of Technology
193
13.3 Requirement 1: Gewirth’s Project for a Supreme Moral Principle—Justifying the PGC
194
13.4 Requirement 2: Practical Moral Reasoning—Applying the PGC
197
13.5 Intermezzo: Shift from Direct to Indirect, from Ideal-Typical to Real Life Cases
198
13.6 Requirement 3: Incorporating Procedure in Substance—the Procedural Turn
201
13.7 Considerations for Technology Development
204
13.8 Conclusion
205
References
205
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