Ferroelectrics in Microwave Devices, Circuits and Systems - Physics, Modeling, Fabrication and Measurements

Preface

Contents

Abbreviations

Chapter 1 Introduction: Overview of Agile Microwave Technologies

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Ferroelectrics: The Main Material Properties

1.3 Microwave Applications

1.4 Other Agile Microwave Technologies

1.5 Conclusions

References

Chapter 2 Physics of the Tunable Ferroelectric Devices

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Crystal Structure, Non-Polar (Paraelectric) and Polar (Ferroelectric) Phases

2.3 Dielectric Models of the Ferroelectric and Paraelectric Phases

2.4 Engineering Models of the Dielectric Permittivity

2.5 Models of the Loss Tangent

2.6 Dielectric Nonlinearities

2.7 Thin Films vs. Bulk

2.8 Electro-Acoustic Properties

2.9 Bulk Conductivity

2.10 Conclusions

References

Chapter 3 Fabrication of Ferroelectric Components and Devices

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Fabrication of Devices Using Single Crystals

3.3 Fabrication of Devices Using Bulk Ceramics

3.4 Thick Film, HTCC and LTCC Technologies

3.5 Fabrication of Thin Ferroelectric Films

3.6 Thin Film Device Processing

3.7 Substrate Micromachining and Passivation

3.8 Conclusions

References

Chapter 4 Substrates, Varactors and Passive Components

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Substrates

4.3 Varactors. Basic Designs and Figure of Merit

4.4 Equivalent Circuit Model of the Varactors

4.5 Low Frequency and Tuning Performances

4.6 Microwave Performance

4.7 Power Handling Capability and High Power Varactors

4.8 Ferroelectrics in Passive Devices as High Permittivity Dielectric

4.9 Conclusions

References

Chapter 5 Ferroelectric Devices

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Tunable Delay Lines and Delay Line Type Phase Shifters

5.3 Phase Shifters

5.4 Tunable Filters

5.5 Matching Networks (Impedance Tuners)

5.6 Power Splitters

5.7 Antennas

5.8 Nonlinear Devices

5.9 TFBARs

5.10 Conclusions

References

Chapter 6 Circuit and System Applications of Tunable Ferroelectric Devices

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Voltage Controlled Oscillators

6.3 Amplifiers

6.4 Steerable Phased Array and Beam Antennas

References

Chapter 7 Modeling

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Coplanar-Plate Transmission Lines

7.3 Multilayer Substrate Coplanar-Plate Capacitors

7.4 Parallel-Plate Capacitor

7.5 Conclusions

Appendix A

Appendix B

Appendix C

Appendix D

References

Chapter 8 Measurements of the Dielectric Properties

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Resonant Techniques

8.3 Broadband Techniques

8.4 Nonlinear Measurements of Ferroelectrics

8.5 Switching Time of Ferroelectric Films

8.6 Conclusions

Appendix E

Appendix F

Appendix G

References

Chapter 9 Potentials and Perspectives

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Multiferroics

9.3 Ferroelectric Nanotubes. Ferromagnetic Nanowires

9.4 Metamaterials

9.5 Bridging the “THz Gap&rdquo

9.6 Other Tunable Materials

9.7 Other/New Effects

9.8 Conclusions

References

Chapter 10 Concluding Remarks

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Stabilization of the Temperature Dependences

10.3 Nonlinearity and Power Handling Capability

10.4 Hysteresis, Retention, Long Term Stability and Noise

10.5 Reliability

10.6 Integration Trends

References

Index