Suchen und Finden
Service
An Introduction to Rumen Studies - Introduction to Rumen Studies
J. W. Czerkawski
Verlag Elsevier Reference Monographs, 1986
ISBN 9781483292984 , 247 Seiten
Format PDF
Kopierschutz DRM
Geräte
Front Cover
1
An Introduction to Rumen Studies
4
Copyright Page
5
Table of Contents
10
Part I: Introduction
12
Chapter 1. The Rumen : An Introductory Outline
14
Anatomy and function of the rumen
14
Rumen microorganisms and their activity
18
Part II: Techniques
26
Chapter 2. Analytical Procedures
28
Determination of end products of fermentation
28
Substrates
32
Microbial matter
34
Enzyme activity
37
Interpretation of experimental results
38
Chapter 3. Production and Passage of Substances in the Rumen
42
General considerations of conditions in the rumen
42
Factors that affect the passage of digesta in the rumen
44
Marker substances
46
Simple one-compartment model of the rumen
47
A two-compartment model of the rumen
51
Production, interconversion and flow of volatile fatty acids (VFA) (a three-compartment model)
55
Chapter 4. The Artificial Rumen
62
Designing an artificial rumen
62
Classification of artificial rumen types
65
Two examples of an artificial rumen in detail
67
A review of literature
71
Other types of in vitro techniques
72
Chapter 5. Compartmentation in the Rumen
76
Compartmentation
76
The rumen simulation technique (Rusitec)—a model ment system
78
The rumen as a multicompartment system
83
Some implications of compartmentation in rumen research
87
Concluding remarks
91
Part III: Metabolism
94
Chapter 6. Energetics of Rumen Fermentation
96
Elementary thermodynamics
96
An estimate of the magnitude of heat produced in the rumen
99
The free energy of reaction
105
Biochemical energetics
107
Energy exchanges in the rumen
112
Chapter 7. The Rumen as an Ecological System
118
Interrelations between microbiota and host animal
120
Interrelations between groups of microorganisms
125
Stability of the microbial system in the rumen
131
General considerations
132
Chapter 8. Synthetic Processes in the Rumen
138
Microbial protein
138
Microbial polysaccharides
143
Synthesis of other substances
143
Microbial matter
144
Efficiency of synthesis of microbial matter in the rumen
148
Energetic efficiency (YATP)
155
Chapter 9. Digestion of Carbohydrates
162
Carbohydrates digested by ruminants
162
Hydrolysis of polysaccharides
167
Interconversion of sugars
171
Dissimilation of sugars
172
Digestibility of carbohydrates in the rumen
176
General considerations
179
Part IV: General Approach to Rumen Studies
182
Chapter 10. Transfer of Metabolic Hydrogen in the Rumen
184
Microbial fermentation in the rumen: generation of reducing power
185
Disposal of reducing power
188
General considerations (hydrogen balance)
195
Chapter 11. Manipulation of Rumen Fermentation
202
Inhibition of selected processes
202
Activation of selected processes
207
Protection of dietary constituents
212
Manipulation of the rumen as a complex ecological system
213
Chapter 12. Integrated Research and Value of Modelling
218
Integrated research
218
Useful aids in studying complex problems
219
Unifying principles
225
Concluding remarks
225
Appendix Useful Information
228
References
235
Index
244
Service
Shop
Kopierschutz
= Kopierschutzfrei
= Wasserzeichen
= DRM Kopierschutz
