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Sustainable Innovations in Textile Chemical Processes
Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu
Verlag Springer-Verlag, 2018
ISBN 9789811084911 , 102 Seiten
Format PDF, OL
Kopierschutz Wasserzeichen
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Contents
7
1 Sustainable Dyeing Techniques
8
1 Introduction
8
2 Dye and Its Importance
10
3 Principles of Dyeing Process
11
4 Steps Involved in Dyeing Process
12
4.1 Production
12
4.2 Dyeing
12
4.3 Finishing
13
5 Classification of Dyes
13
5.1 Natural Dyes
13
5.2 Synthetic Dyes
15
6 Preparation and Pre-treatment of Materials Before Dyeing
17
7 Dyeing Technologies
18
7.1 Exhaust Dyeing
18
7.2 Continuous Dyeing
19
7.3 Semi-continuous Dyeing
21
7.4 Pigment Dyeing
23
7.5 Air-Dye Technology
23
7.6 Supercritical Fluid Dyeing
24
7.7 Plasma Technology
25
7.8 Foam Dyeing
26
7.9 Microwave Technology
26
7.10 Ultrasonic Wave Dyeing Technology
27
7.11 Ozone Technology for Dyeing
28
7.12 Bio-based Dyeing Technology
28
7.13 Electrochemical Dyeing
29
8 Dyeing Machines
29
8.1 Jigger Dyeing Machine
30
8.2 Winch Dyeing Machine
32
9 Future Trends in Dyeing
33
10 Conclusion
34
References
35
2 Eco-friendly Production Methods in Textile Wet Processes
37
1 Introduction
38
2 Textile Operations
39
2.1 Sizing and Desizing
39
2.2 Bleaching
40
2.3 Mercerization
40
2.4 Dyeing and Printing
40
2.5 Finishing Process
40
3 Ozonation Technology
41
3.1 Properties of Ozone Gas
41
3.2 Production of Ozone Gas
43
3.3 The Usage of Ozone Gas in Textile Industry
44
4 Membrane Filtration Technology
47
4.1 Types of Membrane Process
48
4.2 Studies Concerning Membrane Use
50
5 Plasma Technology
51
5.1 Plasma Treatment to Cotton
53
5.2 Plasma Treatment to Wool
54
5.3 Plasma Treatment to Synthetic Fibers
56
6 Enzymatic Treatments
58
6.1 Enzyme Structure
59
6.2 Enzyme Action Mechanism
59
6.3 Factors of Affecting Enzyme Action
60
6.4 Enzyme Classification
61
6.5 Utilization of Enzymes in Textile
61
6.6 Purposes of Bio-process for Textile Finishing
62
6.7 Cellulase
63
7 Conclusion
66
References
66
3 Sustainability in Wastewater Treatment in Textiles Sector
72
1 Introduction
73
2 Resources in Domestic Wastewater and Organic Household Waste
76
2.1 Wastewater Types, Sources and Constituents
76
3 Sustainability Wastewater Management
79
4 Characteristics of Wastewater
81
5 Wastewater Treatment Technologies
82
5.1 Treatment Methodologies
82
6 Sustainability
92
6.1 Sustainability Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Systems
93
6.2 Economic Sustainability
93
6.3 Ecological Sustainability
94
6.4 Societal Sustainability
95
6.5 Significance of Sustainability
96
7 Environment Re-entry or Re-utilize
97
7.1 Re-entry of Treated Waste into the Biological System
97
7.2 Sorts of Re-entry Framework
98
7.3 Solids Re-entry Innovations
98
7.4 Wastewater Emanating Re-entry Innovations
99
7.5 Re-utilization of Water and Bio Solids Recovered from Wastewater
99
8 Conclusion
101
References
101
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