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Sustainable Communities
Woodrow W. Clark II
Verlag Springer-Verlag, 2010
ISBN 9781441902191 , 314 Seiten
Format PDF, OL
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Foreword
5
Contents
7
Contributors
9
1 Introduction and Overview
11
The International Perspective
14
Agile Sustainable Systems
17
Sustainable Community Focus
20
References
21
2 The Role of Business Leaders in Community Sustainability Coalitions: A Historical Perspective
22
Business Leadership of Urban Anti-smoke Movements
23
Learning from History
31
The Darker Side of Businesss Role in Smoke Regulation
34
Historys Complex Lessons
36
3 Los Angeles Community College District (LACCD)
38
Setting the Policy
38
Implementing the Policy
40
The LACCD Renewable Energy Program
41
Paradigm Shift
43
Sustainable Practices
46
Water Conservation
47
Purchasing Carpet
47
Concrete
48
Construction Waste
48
Training the 21st-Century Workforce
50
Conclusion
51
4 Sustainable Cities as Communities and Villages
53
Emeryville, California
56
Alameda County, California
56
Marin County, California
58
Berkeley, California
59
Davis, California
60
Web Site Links
63
5 Greening Existing Communities
64
Introduction
64
WCBID Commitment
65
From Pledge to Vision
66
Underlying the Vision
67
Eco-Charrette Process
68
Envisioning a Sustainable Business District
69
Group Action
69
Short Term
69
Midterm
70
Reduce Automobile Dependence
70
Short Term
70
Midterm
71
Long Term
71
Strengthen Community
72
Short Term
73
Midterm
73
Long Term
74
Conserve and Generate Energy
74
Short Term
76
Midterm
76
Long Term
77
Conserve Water
79
Rain Harvesting
79
Short Term
79
Midterm
79
Long Term
81
From Vision to Reality
81
6 Santa Monica Sustainable City Plan: Sustainability in Action
83
Introduction
83
Program History
84
Updating the Plan
85
Guiding Principles
85
Goal Areas
87
Resource Conservation
88
Solid Waste
88
Water Use
88
Energy Use
88
Renewable Energy
88
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
89
Ecological Footprint
89
Sustainable Procurement
89
Green Construction
89
Governance
89
Report Card
90
Santa Monica Green Building Program
91
History
92
Program
92
Education
92
Motivation
93
Facilitation
94
Regulation
94
Energy Efficiency
95
Green Building Materials
95
Landscape Water Conservation
95
Construction and Demolition Waste Diversion
95
Solar Santa Monica
96
History
96
Program
97
Results
98
Conclusion
99
7 Renewable Energy Practices in the City and County of San Francisco
100
Solar Power Ting, Phil. Go Solar SF. San Franciscos Groundbreaking Solar Incentive Program . November 24, 2008.
101
Incentive Program
102
Expedited Permit
103
Clean Tech Payroll Tax Exemption
103
Solar Monitoring
103
Mayors Solar Founders Circle
104
The Moscone Convention Center Solar Project
105
Wave Power
106
CCSF Geothermal Project
107
Wind Power
109
Recycling and Composting
110
Other Practices
111
Hydropower
111
Biodiesel
111
8 Building Sustainability: The Role of K-12 Education
113
Opportunity
114
Function
114
Timing
115
Case Study: Pleasanton Unified School District
116
Conclusion
128
9 Google's Clean Energy 2030 Plan: Why It Matters
129
Introduction
130
Googles Relevancy in the Renewable Energy Arena
130
Corporate Social Responsibility and Google as an Energy User
130
Energy Initiatives Under Google.org
131
Google and GE Partnership
131
Overview of Googles Plan
132
Energy Efficiency
133
Electricity from Renewable Energy Sources
133
Transportation
134
Economics and Jobs
134
A Time for Action
135
Sources
136
10 Sustainable Communities in the UK
139
Requirements of Sustainable Communities
139
Integration of Best Practices
140
Public Policy
141
Supplement to Planning Policy Statement 1: Planning and Climate Change
139
Code for Sustainable Homes
144
Education and Marketing
145
Case Studies in the UK
145
Upton
145
BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Methodology)
145
The Carbon Challenge: A Technical Challenge
150
Carbon Challenge Sites: Bickershaw and Peterborough
151
Future Projects and Policy
156
11 Sustainable Towns: The Case of Frederikshavn 100 Renewable Energy
158
Introduction
159
Definition of Renewable Energy
159
Development Phases
160
The Present Situation: Year 2007, Approximately 20 Renewable Energy
161
The First Phase: Frederikshavn in the Year 2009
161
The Second Phase Frederikshavn in the Year 2015: 100 RE on an annual basis
163
New Waste Incineration CHP Plant
163
Expansion of District Heating Grid
164
Transportation
165
Biogas Plant and Methanol Production
165
Geothermal and Heat Pumps
165
CHP Plant and Boilers
166
Wind Power
166
Energy System Analysis
166
The Third Phase: Frederikshavn in the Year 2030: 100 Renewable Energy and Less Biomass
168
Climate Change Mitigation in Denmark - A bottom-Up Approach
170
References
171
12 Sustainable Communities: The Piedmont Region, Settimo Torinese, Italy
172
Innovative Paradigms for Ideas, Projects, and Practices
173
Parallel Experiences Underway: Milano CityLife, Sesto San Giovanni (Falck), Settimo Torinese (Green Tech Park, Laguna Verde)
174
A New District for an Important Milanese Suburban City: Sesto San Giovanni (Formerly Falck Steel Mill) http://www.risanamentospa.it/upload/nenergiaOtt06.pdf ; http://www.risanamentospa.it/web/start.asp?idLingua=2 .
174
Settimo Torinese: The R&D Archipelago Green Tech Park, a New Territory for the Experimentation of Energy Innovation in Piedmont, Northern Italy
178
The Use of Sustainable, Renewable Resources and the Implementation of New Technologies and Sustainable Practices in Settimo Torinese as a Sustainable Town
181
Laguna Verde: A New Eco-Town of the Future in Settimo Torinese, from Dream to Reality
183
Laguna Verde
183
Structural Details
184
Global Sustainability, Resources, and Technologies in Laguna Verde, Settimo Torinese
185
Energy Production and Consumption
187
Water
188
Wind
189
Solar
189
Geothermal
190
Other Remarks
190
Waste Management
191
A New Paradigm of Sustainable Building Underway in Settimo Torinese, Under the Guidelines of Laguna Verde
192
Conclusion
194
13 Sustainable Development in Lithuania
195
National Strategy for Sustainable Development
196
Lithuanian Sustainable Development Priorities and Principles
197
Sustainable Development Vision and the State Mission
198
Sustainable Development Vision
198
The State Mission
199
Strategy Implementation and Control
201
Sustainable Development Indicators
202
Sustainable Development Models
206
Sustainable Development Policy in Lithuania
211
International Cooperation
211
Main Instruments of Sustainable Development Policy in Lithuania
213
References
216
14 Rizhao: Chinas Green Beacon for Sustainable Chinese Cities
217
References
223
15 Ecological Construction and Sustainable Development in China: The Case of Jiaxing Municipality
225
Introduction
225
Objective
227
Achievements of Jiaxings Eco-civilization Construction
227
Ecological Concern and Environmental Protection
228
The Ecological Elements in Pollution Discharge and Emission Reduction
228
Discharge and Emission Reduction Projects
229
Ecological Economy
230
Ecological and Energy-Saving Construction
230
Comprehensive Pollution Control
231
Public Supervision
231
The Environmental Protection for Another 3 Years Campaign
232
New Environmental Protection Mechanisms and Public Ecological Awareness
233
Targets and Measures of Jiaxings Ecological Sustainable Development
233
Main Targets
234
Measures
235
Lessons from Jiaxing Experience: Chinese Social Capitalism
238
Understanding the Chinese Developmental State
239
State Corporatism
240
Lessons from the Chinese Model
242
Conclusion
242
References
243
16 Japanese Experience with Efforts at the Community Level Toward a Sustainable Economy: Accelerating Collaboration Between Local and Central Governments
244
Introduction
245
Kitakyushu City: An Environmentally Friendly Industrial Center
247
Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture: City Overview
247
The Eco-Town Project
248
Kitakyushu Eco-Town
248
Other Ongoing Efforts in Kitakyushu City
249
Ota City: Solar Town
250
Ota City, Gunma Prefecture: City Overview
250
Residential Solar Power in Japan
251
Pal Town Josai-no-Mori
251
Other Ongoing Efforts in Ota City
255
Yokohama: A Green Metropolis
255
Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture: City Overview
255
The Environmental Model Cities Program
256
Environmental Model City: Yokohama
257
Other Ongoing Efforts in Yokohama
259
The Zero-Emission House: Showcasing Japanese Green Technology
260
Conclusion
261
References
261
Conclusion and Summary: The Next Steps
263
The Problem Contains the Solution
265
Agile Sustainable Developed Energy Systems
268
Appendix A Los Angeles Community College District (LACCD)
272
The 21st Century Green Energy Economy: The Third Industrial Revolution
31
Appendix B Aragon and Navarra, Spain
279
Aragon
279
2.0.0 GM Zaragoza
280
2.0.0 Walqa Technology Park
280
Navarra
281
2.0.0 Acciona Zero Emissions Building
281
Appendix C City Design and Planning: A Global Overview and Perspective
283
Developing the Tools to Create Sustainable Eco-cities
284
Sustainable Projects Appraisal Routine (SPeAR )
284
Integrated Resource Management IRM
285
Results Generated by this Approach: Sustainable Eco-city vs. Conventional City
286
Other Examples of the Arup Approach at Work
286
Stratford City, London, United Kingdom
286
Dongtan Eco-city, Shanghai, China
287
Zuidas Development 2007, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
288
Jeddah Central District, Saudi Arabia
289
Waterfront Dubai
290
Urbanya, Santiago, Chile
291
La Spezia, Italy
291
Arroyo Seco, Los Angeles, California
292
Vista Canyon, Valencia, California
293
Index
294
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