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Getting the Most out of Your Mentoring Relationships - A Handbook for Women in STEM
Donna J. Dean
Verlag Springer-Verlag, 2009
ISBN 9780387924090 , 168 Seiten
Format PDF, OL
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Mentoring in Academia and Industry
2
Getting the Most out of Your Mentoring Relationships
4
Foreword
6
Preface
8
Acknowledgment
10
Contents
11
Introduction
17
How to Use This Guide
19
What Is Mentoring?
21
Preparing to be Mentored
24
3.1 Identifying Your Mentoring Needs
24
3.1.1 Acquiring the Requisite Professional Credentials
24
3.1.2 Recognizing when a Rich Opportunity Arises
24
3.1.3 Learning from Mistakes or Missteps
25
3.1.4 Dealing with Own Biases and Misconceptions
25
3.1.5 Developing a Sense of One’s Career Directions and Timing
25
3.1.6 Selecting Appropriate Role Models
26
3.1.7 Meshing One’s Values with the Workplace
26
3.1.8 Balancing the Pieces of One’s Life
26
3.1.9 Creating Opportunities for Others
27
3.1.10 Knowing When to Move On
27
3.1.11 Calculated Risk Taking
27
3.1.12 Points to Ponder
28
3.2 Mentoring Models - The Right One at the Right Time
28
3.2.1 Points to Ponder
32
3.3 Techniques and Tools for Starting a Mentoring Relationship
32
3.3.1 How Do I Pick a Mentor and Start the Process?
34
3.3.2 What Questions Should I Ask?
34
3.3.3 Are There Any ‘‘Rules’’ I Should Follow?
35
3.3.4 Points to Ponder
36
Mentoring Relationships
38
4.1 What Makes a Relationship Work
38
4.1.1 Be Yourself and Do Well by People in All Your Interactions
38
4.1.2 Never Embarrass Your Mentor or Put Your Mentor in an Awkward Position
39
4.1.3 Look for Patterns in Your Life and in Your Career
39
4.1.4 Have a Sense of Humor
39
4.1.5 Recognize that Your Actions, Whether Good or Bad, will Often have Consequences
40
4.1.6 Seek the Hidden, Unwritten, and Inside Rules
40
4.1.7 Points to Ponder
40
4.2 Mentoring Impact: What Protégés Say
40
4.2.1 What do Protégés Want?
41
4.2.2 What do Protégés not Want?
41
4.2.3 Points to Ponder
44
4.3 From Protégé to Mentor: Voices From the Field
44
4.3.1 Questions Posed to Mentors
44
4.3.2 Many Mentors, Many Perspectives
45
4.3.3 Never Too Busy to Help
46
4.3.4 Finding a Positive Place
47
4.3.5 E-Mentoring to Attain Workplace Success
48
4.3.6 Tapping into the Pipeline
48
4.3.7 Mentoring Is Colorblind
49
4.3.8 Power Neutral Mentoring
50
4.3.9 Age Doesn’t Matter
51
4.3.10 Points to Ponder
52
Changing Dynamics, Changing Needs
53
5.1 Mentoring for Under-represented Groups
53
5.1.1 MentorNet - The E-Mentoring Network Focused on Diversity in Engineering and Science
55
5.1.2 Points to Ponder
56
5.2 Mentoring in Cyberspace
56
5.2.1 Mentoring in the New Era of Social Media (Web 2.0)
57
5.2.1.1 Blogging
57
5.2.1.2 Tagging and Social Bookmarking
58
5.2.1.3 Audio Blogging/Podcasts
58
5.2.1.4 Social Networking
58
5.2.2 Using Web 2.0 Technology to Empower Specific Groups
59
5.2.3 Science Careers Forum
60
5.2.4 Ph.D. Career Clinic
60
5.2.5 Points to Ponder
60
5.3 Life-long Mentoring
60
5.3.1 At the Student and Trainee Level
61
5.3.2 At the Postdoctoral Level
62
5.3.3 At all Post-training Career Levels
64
5.3.4 Points to Ponder
65
Career and Life Transitions
66
6.1 Work-Life Balance
66
6.1.1 Finding Time for the Other Things in Life
66
6.1.2 Managing Your Employer’s Expectations and Your Own
67
6.1.3 Strategies to Attain Balance
68
6.1.4 Recognize That Balance Is Not Always Attainable
68
6.1.5 Points to Ponder
69
6.2 Coaching or Mentoring? What Do I Need Now?
69
6.2.1 Embracing New Communication Paradigms and Developing Priorities
71
6.2.2 Points to Ponder
72
6.3 Transitioning into a Different Career Pathway
72
6.3.1 Know Your Strengths, Your Thought Processes, and Your Values
73
6.3.2 Let Go of What You ‘‘Should’’ Want
73
6.3.3 Make Your Scientific Background Work for You
73
6.3.4 Put a Price Tag on Procrastination
74
6.3.5 Create Your Opportunities
74
6.3.6 Points to Ponder
74
Navigating Interpersonal Contexts
75
7.1 Inappropriate Relationships with Mentors or Supervisors
75
7.2 Identifying Problematic Behaviors
76
7.3 Defining Issues
77
7.4 Intervention Strategies
80
Starting Out with the Right Education
84
8.1 Compelling Voices
84
8.2 Informal Education
85
8.3 Precollege Education
86
8.4 Undergraduate Education
87
8.5 Graduate Education
89
8.6 The Postdoctoral Years
91
Moving Toward Career Success
93
9.1 Making the Connections
93
9.2 Leaping Barriers and Achieving Goals
95
9.3 Timing and Choices
97
9.4 Facing the Gender and Diversity Issues
99
9.5 Staying the Course
105
Voices of Experience
107
10.1 Women Speakers: Make the Most of Your Moment
107
10.1.1 Memorize Your Introduction and Conclusion
108
10.1.2 Talk to Your Audience
108
10.1.3 Watch the Clock
109
10.1.4 Use Visual Aids Carefully
109
10.1.5 Practice, Practice, Practice
110
10.2 Things your Professor Should Have Told You
110
10.2.1 Gaining Opportunity, Equality, and Power
111
10.2.2 Learning the Academic Structure
112
10.2.3 Starting off Right
113
10.2.4 Avoid a Common Pitfall
114
10.2.5 A Word about Extracurricular Activities
114
10.2.6 Be a Good Mentor
115
10.2.7 Make Your Work Visible, Known, and Valuable
115
10.2.8 Once in Powerhellip
115
10.3 Applying for Fellowships or Research Grants
116
10.3.1 Graduate School and Postdoctoral Fellowships
117
10.3.2 Research Grants
119
10.3.2.1 Request Current Program Guidelines
120
10.4 Keys to Success in Graduate School and Beyond
121
10.4.1 Choosing an Advisor
122
10.4.2 Joining a Lab
122
10.4.3 Meeting With Your Thesis Committee
124
10.4.4 Some Final Tips
124
10.5 Building Confidence and Connection
125
10.5.1 Sexism, Internalized Sexism, and Stereotypes about Scientists
125
10.5.2 Claiming our Intelligence, Confidence and Femaleness
127
10.5.3 Building Our Connections to Others
129
10.5.4 Towards Gender Equality
130
10.6 Helping Those Who Follow
130
10.6.1 How Are Girls Being Guided?
131
10.6.2 Opening Doors for Girls
132
10.6.3 Thinking Globally
133
10.6.4 How Well Are We Guiding?
133
10.7 Professional Responsibility
135
10.7.1 Literacy and Expertise
136
10.7.2 Remembering the Big Picture
136
10.7.3 Helping Women Entering Science
137
10.7.4 Working With Our Colleagues
138
10.7.5 Serving Society
138
Provocative Thoughts for a Better Future
140
11.1 The ‘Problem’ of Women in Science: Why is it So Difficult to Convince People that There is One?
140
11.1.1 Patriarchy
140
11.1.2 Upending Traditions
141
11.1.3 Implications for Women in Science
142
11.1.4 Youth and Genius
143
11.1.5 The Third Gender
143
11.1.6 In Pursuit of ‘‘Excellence’’
144
11.1.7 The Purpose: To Change Scientific Dogma
146
11.1.8 The Benefits for Humankind
146
11.2 Tacit Discrimination and Overt Harassment: The Toll on Women, Minorities and the Nation
147
11.2.1 Postsecondary Science for Women: What Welcomes and What Inhibits
148
11.2.2 Results from the Literature Review
149
11.2.3 Results from Three University of Michigan Research Projects
149
11.2.4 The Stacked Deck Against Women in Science
150
11.2.5 Addressing the Odds for a New Workforce
151
11.2.6 A Mandate for Change
152
11.3 The Red Shoe Dilemma
153
11.3.1 Choices
154
11.3.2 Having It All? Hardly!
155
11.3.3 A Dangerous Myth
156
11.3.4 One Woman’s Path
156
Resources
159
12.1 National Organizations for and of Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
159
12.2 Mentoring Resources
159
12.3 Organizations with Special Focus on Equity in STEM
160
12.4 Organizations with Focus on Equity for Women
161
12.5 Field Specific Resources
161
12.5.1 Aerospace
161
12.5.2 Agronomy
162
12.5.3 Anthropology
162
12.5.4 Astronomy
162
12.5.5 Biology
162
12.5.6 Biomedical Sciences
163
12.5.7 Chemistry
163
12.5.8 Computer Sciences and Information Technology
164
12.5.9 Education
164
12.5.10 Engineering
164
12.5.11 Geography
165
12.5.12 Geosciences
165
12.5.13 Mathematics, Statistics, and Economics
165
12.5.14 Medicine and Health
166
12.5.15 Meteorology
167
12.5.16 Physics
167
12.5.17 Psychology
167
12.5.18 Sociology
168
12.5.19 Toxicology
168
12.5.20 Veterinary Medicine
168
References
169
Bibliography
171
Index
172
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